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Overall,current use of combined OCs was associated with slightly increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke;the increase was significant in the developing countries(odds ratio 1.76[95%CI 1.34-2.30])but not in Europe(1.38[0.84-2. 25]).Use of OCs in women younger than 35 years did not affect risk of haemorrhagic stroke in either group of countries,whereas in women aged older than 35 years,odds ratios were grater than 2.Women who were current users of OCs and had a history of hypertension(detected before current episode of OC use,but not during pregnancy)had a substantially increased risk(ten-fold to 15-fold)of haemorrhagic stroke compared with women who did not use OCs and had no history of hypertension.Odds ratios among current OC users who were also current cigarette smokers were greater than 3.In both groups of countries,past use of OCs,dose of oestrogen,and dose and type of progestagen had no effect on risk,and risks were similar for subarachnoid and intracerebral haemorrhage.The risk of haemorrhagic stroke attributable to OC use is not increased in younger women and is only slightly increased in older women.The estimated excess risk of all stroke types associated with use of low-oestrogen and higher-oestrogen dose OCs in Europe was about two and eight,respectively,per 100 000 women-years of OC use.However,findings need to be considered in the context of other risks and benefits associated with OC use,as well as those associated with the use of other forms of contraception. |
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agnosia,color
cerebral infarction
cerebral infarction,hemorrhagic
cerebrovascular accident
cerebrovascular accident,women
oral contraceptives,cerbrovascular disease and
oral contraceptives,neurologic complications with
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